The input terminal of an optical splitter connects to the Optical Line Terminal (OLT), while the output terminals connect to the Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) at end-user locations.

Input Terminal

The input terminal of an optical splitter is the single fiber that receives the optical signal from the OLT, which is typically located in a central office or data center . This terminal serves as the source of the light signal that will be divided among multiple outputs. In some splitters, especially balanced 2xN types, there may be two input fibers for redundancy, but in standard PON deployments, a single input fiber is most common .

Output Terminals

The output terminals are the multiple fibers that carry the split optical signals to individual ONTs at subscribers' homes or businesses . Each output fiber corresponds to one end-user connection, and the number of outputs is determined by the split ratio (e.g., 1x4, 1x8, 1x32). The splitter ensures that the optical power is distributed among these outputs, allowing a single OLT port to serve multiple users efficiently .

Splitter Placement and Architecture

Splitters can be deployed in centralized or distributed architectures. In centralized splitting, the splitter is located near the OLT, and output fibers run directly to ONTs. In distributed splitting, splitters are placed in closures or pedestals closer to the end-users, with the input fiber coming from the OLT and outputs branching to nearby subscribers . Regardless of placement, the input terminal always connects to the OLT, and the output terminals always connect to ONTs.

Summary

• Input terminal: Connects to the OLT (network source).
• Output terminals: Connect to ONTs (end-user devices).
• Function: Distributes a single optical signal to multiple users without active electronics, enabling cost-efficient and scalable PON deployment . This orientation ensures proper signal flow and network functionality in FTTH and other PON-based networks.